Growth, winter preparations and timing of emergence in temperate zone Odonata: control by a succession of larval response patterns

  • Written by Ulf Norling
  • International Journal of Odonatology
  • volume: 24
  • Review Article
  • PDF
  • 1–36 pp.
  • Release date: 2021-03-04
  • doi: 10.23797/2159-6719_24_1

life history; seasonal regulation; cohort splitting; diapause; quiescence; photoperiod; thermal responses; time constraint; phenology; dragonfly

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International Journal of Odonatology 24 (2021)

Article (Leite et al.)

Forest edges and their effects on the arrival of dragonflies at north-temperate experimental ponds

Description Article (Phan)

Description of Coeliccia diehlae sp. n. from the Central Highlands of Vietnam with keys to the males and females of the pyriformis-group

Description Article (Xu)

Description of the final stadium larva of Calicnemia sinensis Lieftinck, with discussion of the larval characters of genus Calicnemia Strand

Article (Deviche)

Partial submergence: An undescribed behavioral adjustment for thermoregulation at high ambient temperature in Aeshnidae

Description Article (Koparde)

Lost in Time: Re-description and Ecological Re-assessment of two Indian Endemic Elattoneura Cowley, 1935 (Platycnemididae) Damselflies

Description Article (Faasen)

Inpabasis intermedia, a new species of damselfly from Peru (Odonata: Coenagrionidae); with an illustrated key to all known Inpabasis-species

Article (Brito et al.)

Environmental variables affect the diversity of adult damselflies (Odonata: Zygoptera) in western Amazonia

Article (Mafuwe et al.):

Community assembly of adult odonates in lacustrine systems of an understudied world heritage site of south-eastern Zimbabwe

Description Article (Hu)

Description of the final instar larva of Cephalaeschna risi Asahina, 1981 with notes on its semi-terrestrial lifestyle (Odonata: Aeshnidae)

Article (Guillermo)

Odonate ethodiversity as a bioindicator of anthropogenic impact

Article (Casanueva et al.)

Useful biometric variables in Iberian exuviae of Boyeria irene (Fonscolombe, 1838) (Odonata: Aeshnidae)

Description Article (Sumanapala)

Macromia weerakooni sp. nov. (Odonata: Anisoptera: Macromiidae), a new dragonfly species from Sri Lanka

Article (Stefani-Santos)

Odonata (Insecta) communities along an elevational gradient in the Atlantic forest of southeastern Brazil, with the description of the female of Heteragrion mantiqueirae Machado, 2006

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Article (Pestana)

A scientometric analysis on pre- and post-copulatory traits in Odonata

Article (Landmann)

Isolation and characterization of 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci in the rarest European damselfly, Coenagrion hylas (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)

Description Article (Müller)

Description of last instar larvae of Ceratogomphus triceraticus Balinsky, 1963 and C. pictus Hagen in Selys, 1854 (Odonata: Gomphidae)

Description Article (García-Monsalve)

Demographic Traits and Behavior of Hetaerina cruentata (Odonata: Calopterygidae) in Ecosystems of the Andean Region of Colombia

Description Article (Carrillo-Lara)

The life cycle of Orthemis ferruginea (Fabricius, 1775) (Odonata: Libellulidae)

Article (Bastos)

Environmental impacts from human activities affect the diversity of the Odonata (Insecta) in the Eastern Amazon

Article (Simonsen)

A tale of two Skimmers: complex relationships between DNA barcodes, distributions and taxonomy in European Orthetrum cancellatum and O. coerulescens

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Description

As warm-adapted insects of tropical origin, Odonata cope with cold periods by seasonal regulation and diapause. A model for larval-overwintering species is proposed with three response patterns related to the timing of emergence, which can be predicted from seasonal cues during the last few stadia. For emergence during the present season, there is an often time-constrained preemergence development, accelerated by long days and higher temperatures. In regulatory development, emergence is postponed to the next season, and a complex of diapause-like delays controlled by photoperiod and temperature prevents premature emergence. Instead, development converges on a winter diapause in sizes suitable for emergence during the following year. Long days are particularly delaying, and thermal responses are variable, sometimes inverted. In early development, with rapid growth, emergence is usually not predicted to season, but short-day winter diapauses may occur, and precocious preparations for a penultimate winter may be predictive. Thermal responses are steep, extremely so if a short-day diapause is suppressed by higher temperatures. Other physiological and also behavioural properties may differ between response patterns. Changes in photoperiod and temperature control the timing of seasonal events, and the transition from regulatory to pre-emergence development follows the increase in temperature and photoperiod after winter, which is an important time-setter. Interactions of larval size, photoperiod, temperature and previous changes affect development rate, and long-term constant conditions often end in regulatory diapauses. Proximate mechanisms of cohort splitting and the implications of the model for design and interpretation of experiments are discussed.

Ulf Norling

Department of Urban Studies, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
Spårsnögatan 53, 22652 Lund, Sweden, Email: ulf.norling@comhem.se, ulf.norling@mau.se

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